Monday, August 24, 2020

Film evaluaton about SALT movie by angelina jolie Review

Film evaluaton about SALT by angelina jolie - Movie Review Example Individuals who search for sense in motion pictures ought not watch this since it is silly and profoundly ridiculous; the audio cues are great. There is a ton of tension in the film and each scene which has anticipation has great audio cues. Many individuals get executed in light of the fact that it is an activity film however it is amazing that Angelina Jolie gets away from sound and similar makes this film an exceptionally unreasonable one, even the children who watch it would not be persuaded with the story line. Secret activities has become a dream action in real life motion pictures and Salt is the same, undercover work has been introduced as a dream in the film and this again is exceptionally unconvincing and factitious. By and large the story line and the activity arrangements are extremely feeble yet the nearness of a star like Angelina Jolie has made the film effective. The illustrations are exceptionally conventional, the activity successions have been recorded quite well and it is acceptable amusing to watch it on screen. A portion of the activity successions are awesome and again appear to be ridiculous and mind boggling; Jolie murdering hundred men appears to be profoundly unreasonable and unclear. â€Å"Salt† is as indifferent an activity spine chiller as we’ve found in years. The President is played by Hunt Block, a tasteless looking drama on-screen character. (Can that truly be his name?) Block passes on so little quality that when the President gets conked on the noggin and took out you don’t even register that he’s not, at this point a functioning figure in the scene. He’s not commendable; it appears, of kissing Salt’s hyperactive dark boots. (Salt Review) Jolie moves starting with one truck then onto the next in a very inconceivable way, she utilizes a few firearms to execute individuals in the film and this is plain ludicrous. A government agent spine chiller ought to have substantially more than what Salt has, it loses its believability and this influences the film in a bigger number of ways than one. It is an extraordinary film for somebody who needs to watch superhuman tricks performed by a lady, Angelina Jolie plays out a progression of incredible

Saturday, August 22, 2020

RADIATION AND IT'S BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS Research Paper

RADIATION AND IT'S BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS - Research Paper Example This paper talks about radiation and it limits to the natural impacts of radiation. Presentation When a core of an iota emanates high-vitality photons and particles, for example, gamma beams, this sort of radiation is alluded to as atomic radiation. X-beams carry on along these lines as they do gamma beams, albeit not at all like gamma beams, they don't include the core. Thus, in depicting atomic radiation and x-beams, the term ionizing radiation is utilized. While non-ionizing radiation is fundamental to life, over the top exposures cause tissue harm. All ionizing radiation structures have sufficient vitality to ionize iotas that may consequently destabilize atoms inside cells resulting into tissue harm (Francis and Kirkpatrick, 538). In spite of the fact that radiation is helpful organically as previously mentioned, for example in the treatment of malignancy because of its capacity to decimate destructive tissues, presentation of human tissue to higher energies related with atomic radiation has unfavorable natural impacts †it makes extreme harm the tissues (McCall, 213). At whatever point any radiation goes through an issue, it stores vitality along its way, which prompts ionization, expanded temperatures, and nuclear excitations. The ionization that radiation going through living tissue causes can prompt the harm of natural particles if the electrons are associated with atomic official. If there is the annihilation of an excessive number of particles as such or if there is the harming of DNA atoms, cells may either get malignant or bite the dust (Francis and Kirkpatrick, 538). Notwithstanding disease enlistment, other natural impacts remember changes for the focal sensory system, heritable impacts, development of waterfall and early consequences for body organs just as their capacity (National Research Council Staff, 2). Conscious presentation of living tissues to radiation along these lines is something to be maintained a strategic distance from except if it is absolutely essential. Truth be told, the World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering 2009 reports that extraordinary consideration isn't a choice at whatever point radiation is utilized and the upsides of utilizing radiation should consistently be more prominent than damage and hazard from it (111). Radiations that are related with atomic blasts incorporate gamma beams, neutrons, and to an a lot lesser degree, beta particles. During a blast, the greater part of the gammas and all the neutrons are basically produced in combination and splitting responses. The catch of neutrons in the encompassing air, water or earth just as in the blast weapon flotsam and jetsam creates extra gamma beams notwithstanding a huge exhibit of radioisotopes, which contain the radioactive aftermath. Ordinarily, both gamma beams and neutrons are unequivocally ingested everywhere throughout the body along these lines influencing all organs (Hafemeister, 5). Francis and Kirkpatrick c all attention to that radiation’s result on people’s wellbeing is reliant on the measure of radiation that living tissue ingests just as the natural effects connected with this retention (538). To clarify further, radiation’s unsafe natural impacts are owing to dangerous ionization produced inside an uncovered organism’s cell bodies. In creature tissues, the two neutrons and gamma rays’ mean free ways are in the request for twenty centimeters, which is the range that exacts most extreme harm to the living being. In the occasion tha

Monday, July 20, 2020

Critical Review Of The Performance Of A Primary Health Care Service In

Critical Review Of The Performance Of A Primary Health Care Service In Critical Review Of The Performance Of A Primary Health Care Service In A Saudi Arabia Against The â€" Essay Example > Critical review of the performance of a primary health care service in a Saudi Arabia against the key functions of primary health care. IntroductionSaudi Arabia, as signatory to the 1978 Alma Ata declaration of Health For All by the year 2000 of the WHO, had identified the development primary health care as the important strategy for the purpose, with the result the country now has 1787 primary health care centres each serving an average population of 8727 people as in 2005 (MOH, 2002). Quality of health care has been defined as a combination of access to health care and effectiveness of health care. While access refers to health structures and processes available, effectiveness refers to clinical care and interpersonal care that deliver the desired results (Campbell, Roland, Buetow, 2000). PHC systemThough health for all by 2000 could not be achieved, the PHC system has contributed significantly towards improvement of health conditions for those who are economically deprived. Bei ng the flagship of the country’s health care system, all the PHCs are closely linked to the respective general hospitals which are linked to the tertiary care services through referral and feedback system. PHCs are also expected implement various facets of health care at the primary level and they carry out population and family census in the respective areas, maintain health files of the patients, conduct surveys at schools and routine home visits besides maintaining “health friends committees’ Their services are thus comprehensive in that they are promotional, preventive, curative and rehabilitative. They are owned by the Ministry of Health and wherever necessary PHC health care delivery is done through private dispensaries also. (Heath Systems Profile-Saudi Arabia) Present status of PHC system in Saudi Arabia As per the WHO report, the country has three types of PHCs catering to populations of 500, 5,000 and 25,000. Some, which are in cities, are liable to be overloaded t o serve 100,000 people. And that additionally 900 PHCs are required to deliver an equitable health care service especially in remote areas. (WHO Report). Focus on Maternal Health Care Donabedian (1966), an authority on health care evaluation has suggested three levels of evaluation of a health service in terms of structure, process and outcome. While structure relates manpower, facilities and equipment, process involves assessment of the manner in which resources are used. Resources refer to health workers, procedures and techniques used to achieve the objectives. Outcome refers to evaluation of patient satisfaction, recovery rates and morbidity and mortality rates. Donabedian has opined that it would be ideal to adopt more than one of the three levels for evaluation to avoid misleading results. A study by Mansour (1996), cautions that people of Saudi Arabia are very polite and would not complain of poor services probably because they feel that the expatriate health workers would b e harmed if complaints are made. The same study says that people of Saudi Arabia are generally content with low standards of care. Access to prenatal health careThe study by Al-Ahamadi and Rolland (2005), which analysed 128 studies and selected 31 out of them, found access to prenatal health care was 67-95% which is considered good. (Al-Ahamadi and Rolland, 2005). There has been a steady decline in maternal mortality from 18 per 100,000 births in 1993 to 14 in 2003. 91 % of the births have been attended by skilled professionals, 86 % of whom were from public facilities. 86 % of pregnant mothers were fully immunised with tetanus toxoid. 90% of pregnant mothers received at least one antenatal check by a skilled profession. 21 % used contraceptives out of which 69% used pills and 24 % IUDs. Fertility rates fell from 6.5% in 1993 to 4.3 in 2003. Mean marriage age for females was 21.7 while for males it was 25.6 (WHO Report). However one report says that female mortality rates was 12 pe r 100,000 in 2000 (Health System Profile, 2006). A comparative figure of maternal mortality of 500,000 globally every year is noteworthy here. In Indonesia alone the rate is 20,000 every year (Healthcare Industry Today, 2010).

Thursday, May 21, 2020

Applying Organizational Behavior Theory Essay - 1280 Words

Applying Organizational Behavior Theory Ahmed Salman Argosy University September, 23, 2015 Applying Organizational Behavior Theory Introduction Organizational behavior entails the study of individual and also group performance and their interactions and ability to work in groups. It aims at identifying major problems that affects performance within the teams to work together, in a bid to develop a more efficient business operation (Hiriyappa, 2009). It relies heavily on organizational cultures since they reflect how organizations behave One major problem in the organization is the issue of appreciating diversity within the workplace. Most employees and some management personnel see this as a threat and therefore there cannot be efficient teamwork cohesion in doing projects. This may be due to the fact that they have reinforcing homogeneity perspectives or color-blind perspectives (Prasad, 1997). Leaders should try to make changes to this major issue since it affects operations where diversity is required to achieve strategic goals. The organization should plan to change the mentality of those rejecting diversity, to embrace Fairness perspective, access perspective, integration and learning perspectives which will ensure a unison move to prosperity of the organization (Clements Jones, 2008). The organization’s vision requires diversity in place since diversity offers: New and better opportunities, capabilities, skills and potential innovations to achieve goalsShow MoreRelatedSelf Assessment Applying Organizational Behavior Theories2935 Words   |  12 Pagesknowledge and reference. I showed no distinctive preference for organizational structure. Since I am not a big fan of hierarchical structure, I think I fit more into an organic structure. But in terms of task completion I do enjoy working under planned goals and specific job roles, which are characteristics closer to mechanic structure. Throughout the course, the professor stressed the importance of individual-organization fit. Organizational structure is one of the categories of this fit. For me, I planRead MoreApplying Social Technical Theory in Knowledge Management (Km)1058 Words   |  5 PagesApplying Social Technical Theory in Knowledge Management (KM) The theme of my paper pertains to the application of Social Technical Theory in Knowledge Management. Technology has changed the operation of business organizations around the world. Applying socio-technical theories in knowledge management advances the ability of one organization to rapidly disseminate and share information vital to the fast, sophisticated and highly demanding information technology superhighway. Timely andRead MoreRationality of Organizations and Management Theories Essay1741 Words   |  7 PagesThe second one is substantive rationality, which means doing the right -most rational- things. This essay will illustrate the rationality of organization by looking at the management theories used by the organization. To do this, first of all definition of organization and the importance of management theories to organization will be given. After that, three types of management will be discussed, which are traditional model, human relations model and human resources model. Finally the essay willRead MoreMotivation and Conflict Resolution Essay753 Words   |  4 Pagesemployee motivation. There are motivational theories that help organizations understand workplace relationships, organizational behavior, and their effects on employee motivation. Improved knowledge of employee motivation and workplace conflict help organizations develop effective strategies for conflict resolution. Motivational Theories Maslow recognized that people have more than financial needs and his theory offers managers tools to build team satisfactionRead MoreAngells Belief in Functionalism and John Watsons Belief in Behaviorism1848 Words   |  7 PagesIt was also suggested by Angell(1913) that consciousness was best if forgotten and there should be a objective method of describing animal and human behavior but also believed that if it were to exist , it should definitely be of some use for an organism . The statement also suggests that it was not only John Watson the founder of behaviorism who proposed the idea rather it was thought about before him. His rise and influence was probably because of introducing the idea at a time when it could beRead MoreApplying Change Theory Of Electronic Medical Records999 Words   |  4 PagesApplying Change Theory to Electronic Medical Records Maryjo Marvin-Dixon Empire State College According to Hussain, Lei, Akram, Haider Ali, 2016 â€Å"It is important for organizations to make changes and update old process in this competitive business environment†. Implementing change in a department of a company, hospital or doctor’s office can be difficult. Lewin’s Change Model is an effective way to help Managers and business owners update old processes and structures. (Hussain, Lei, Akram, HaiderRead MoreThe Theory, Organizational Behaviors, And The Interconnectedness Of Employees1221 Words   |  5 Pagesculture and behaviors from an occurred situation. This includes the organization realizing a repeated pattern of behaviors that is not growing or helping the organization in the right direction. When organizations admit to certain truths or facts and acknowledge flawed behaviors, then change can start. Organizations attempt to change by restructuring and reorganizing the company. Organizations learn only through individuals who learn. Individual l earning does not guarantee organizational learning butRead MoreOrganization Theory And Public Management811 Words   |  4 PagesHoan Thi La M number: M00257054 Class: POL674 Organization Theory and Public Management – Jonathan R. Tompkins Summary of Chapter 1: In this chapter, Tompkins stated an overview about organization theory and how to learn this theory. To begin with, he explained definition of a complex organization and their role in society. Then, he discussed definition of organization theory and the reason why managers need to learn and understand this theory. The approach which the author used to write this book.Read MoreThe Theory, Organizational Behaviors, And The Interconnectedness Of Employees1224 Words   |  5 Pagesculture and behaviors from an occurred situation. This includes the organization realizing a repeated pattern of behaviors that is not growing or helping the organization in the right direction. When organizations admit to certain truths or facts and acknowledge flawed behaviors, then change can start. Organizations attempt to change by restructuring and reorganizing the company. Organizations learn only through individuals who learn. Individual learning does not guarantee organizational learning butRead More Motivation Theories Of A Diverse Workforce During Times Of Change Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesEd.D in Organizational Leadership Doctoral Qualifying Exam Fall-I 2016 Question #3 – Leadership, Motivation, Change Introduction In this paper two motivation theories in a diverse workforce during times of change will be discuss. Differences, including theoretical premises, between two models will be explained. Details relates to challenges and opportunities in a diverse workforce will identified. Strategies to keep a workforce motivated during organizational change will be point out. Two

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Gender And The Fear Of Crime. Through Articles Published

Gender and the fear of crime Through articles published it is noted that young males are more likely to be victims of crime, it is women who are more likely to report fear of crime. While the articles used in this research agree that women are more fearful of crime than men, men may have several reasons why they are reluctant to seem to be fearful of crime. (Sutton, 2004). For example, the reluctance to report could be the fear of further victimisation from authorities (police), by going over the series of events, (Kidd and Chayet, 1984) or for some men the thought of losing their masculinity as they say, ‘boys don’t cry’ (Goodey, 1997) As (Newburn, 2013) distinguished, fear of crime is fundamental, but often deceptive concept to the†¦show more content†¦It was discussed in The Guardian in 2016 â€Å"many people feel safe after dark; fear stops some from venturing out† (Duncan, P and Fishwick, C, 2016) this could be a fact especially with women as it was discussed that some women â€Å"do not feel as strong†, so therefore unable to defend themselves like a man would (Duncan, P and Fishwick, C, 2016). However, whilst asking people if they feel fear whilst walking alone at night it should be noted that some individuals rarely walk alone after dark because of personal preference, so therefore does not give a true reflection of fear of crime or actual crime. (Roberts,B, 2014). Furthermore, women who do venture out at night may make sure they are accompanied. (Walklate, 2003). The crime survey from April 2015 to March 2016 with 8,385 participants showed that only 8% felt very unsafe of walking home alone after dark, but this does not define, what is after dark? (time). After dark also varies with seasons of the year which has not been defined in the survey. This research did not identify gender difference for feeling very unsafe of walking home alone after dark. (Ons.gov.uk, 2017) Crime Survey Crime is measured through statistics in England and Wales through the crime survey (CSEW)and police recorded crime data. (Ons.gov.uk, 2017) The crime survey is conducted on victims ofShow MoreRelatedStrangers: Identity Theft and Identity Fraud 1604 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Identity Theft and Identity Fraud? The U.S. Department of Justice defines Identity theft and identity fraud as â€Å"all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person’s personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic gain.† Some of the tactics used by thieves to steal personal information are through shoulder surfing. This is when people watch from a nearby location as you punch in credit cards, passcodes, or ATM pins. They can alsoRead MoreThe First Global Attempt To Combat Trokosi Was Instated1699 Words   |  7 Pages1966, with the goal of ensuring individual liberties through the regulation of inhumane practices. More specifically, the covenant addresses slavery, forced, labor, and servitude, all constituted under Trokosi, as many of these cruel and unjust practices. A year later, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women to resist and challenge gender based partisanship. Article 2 of the convention prevents public institutions andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Trayvon Martin Shooting : Voice Experts Claim Cries Heard On 911 Call Essay1199 Words   |  5 PagesZimmerman was not charged with any crime due to Florid a Statutes Title XLVI Chapter 776 – Justifiable Use of Force, also known as Stand Your Ground, which states, â€Å"A person is presumed to have held a reasonable fear of imminent peril of death or great bodily harm to himself or herself or another when using or threatening to use defensive force that is intended or likely to cause death or great bodily harm to another†¦Ã¢â‚¬  With this law the â€Å"fear of death† only has to be imagined in order for use of deadlyRead MoreThe Sociology Of Rape Culture1524 Words   |  7 Pages  In feminist theory, rape culture is a setting in which rape is pervasive and normalized due to societal attitudes about gender and sexuality. The sociology of rape culture is studied academically by feminists. There is disagreement over what defines a rape culture and as to whether any given societies meet the criteria to be considered a rape culture. The notion of rape culture has been used to describe and explain behavior within soci al groups, including prison rape, and in conflict areas whereRead MoreThe Importance Of Family Bonds And Support995 Words   |  4 Pagespriority. According to an article published by the Pittsburgh Tribune-Review, when a child faces separation from their parents, they do so in silence (Czebiniak). With fear of rejection from peers and their community, these children bravely live their lives with broken hearts silently. They face a multitude of fears about their current situation and their futures. Often children with incarcerated parents hear they will become like their incarcerated parent. The staggering fear of becoming like theirRead MorePersuasive Speech: We Must Take a Stand Against Hate Crimes Essay examples1739 Words   |  7 Pagesof violence known as hate crimes. Someone commits a hate crime every hour. In the most recent data collection, 2014, a reported 17, 876 hate crimes were committed. This is a national crisis that we cannot allow to continue. Today we will discuss the problems associated with this horrendous crime, causes for it, and finally steps we can take to prevent it. The current laws in effect regarding hate crimes are limited. Additionally, victims who experience a hate crime suffer much more traumaticallyRead MoreRacial Profiling Term Paper1588 Words   |  7 Pagespopular method used by law officers in order to hypothetically enhance crime prevention by targeting minorities, because they are more likely to commit a crime. According to Wikipedia, racial profiling is defined as: the inclusion of race in the profile of a person considered likely to commit a particular crime or type of crime. In other words, it is targeting specific ethnic groups because they are more likely to commit certain crimes. Racial profiling is a flagrant form of racism. According to DictionaryRead MoreWere Pre-Modern European Witchhunts Mysogynistic? Essay1085 Words   |  5 Pagesin pre-modern Europe misogynistic? Anne Llewellyn Barstow seems to think so in her article, â€Å"On Studying Witchcraft as Women’s History: A Historiography of the European Witch Per secutions†. On the contrary, Robin Briggs disagrees that witch-hunts were not solely based on hatred for women as stated in his article, â€Å"Women as Victims? Witches, Judges and the Community†. The witch craze that once rapidly swept through Europe may have been because of misconstrued circumstances. The evaluation of EuropeanRead MoreAn Insight For Women s Struggle For Equality1298 Words   |  6 PagesAn Insight to Women’s Struggle for Equality: â€Å"Good Country People† In her short film, â€Å"Good Country People†, at PBS.org; Global Voices, Tanya Hamilton addresses the gender based bias toward women in the workplace. Hamilton uses the setting of her native born home in St. Catharine’s Parish, Spanish Town, Jamaica (The Reel Deal) to tell the story of a young woman, Blossom Edwards, forced to take over her uncle’s taxi business as the sole income for the family. Edwards encounters much adversityRead MoreSexual Assault On Campus : Opposing Viewpoints Essay1180 Words   |  5 PagesViewpoints in Context. Web. 17 Oct. 2016. The article introduces sexual assault to readers as a problem that is in line with other forms of violence such as domestic violence, dating violence and stalking. It gives a figure of 19% undergraduate women who have reported a complete or attempted sexual assault while in campus and worth noting is that in most of the incidences, the victims knew the perpetrators, who also feature in other related crimes. In the article, high sexual prime of the hundreds youth

Physio Ex 9.0 Ex3 Free Essays

Moorpark College Human Physiology Name: _________________________________ EXERCISE 3 Neurophysiology of Nerve Impulses Laboratory Report Answer the following questions. (3 points each). 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Physio Ex 9.0 Ex3 or any similar topic only for you Order Now What is the difference between membrane irritability and membrane conductivity? Membrane irritability is the ability to respond to a stimuli and convert it in to nerve impulses. Membrane conductivity is the ability to transmit that impulse that is created by membrane irritability. 2. If you were to spend a lot of time studying nerve physiology in the laboratory, what type of stimulus would you use, and why? You would use a electric stimulus, this is because with the electric stimulus you can adjust and determine the pressure, frequency, duration, and voltage and control them. 3. Briefly explain how the addition of NaCl in the ECF elicit an action potential? With the addition of more Na ions it increases the concentration of Na ions outside the cell. The driving force of the action potential is the increase in the concentration gradient because of the increase of Na ions outside the cell. 4. General anesthetics such as ether and chloroform open K+ gated-channels in the brain. What would be the effect of inhaled ether on the generation of action potentials in neurons in the brain of a rat exposed to this anesthetic? Provide a good and brief physiological explanation. In activity 7 you tested the effect of lidocaine on eliciting an action potential. Answer the following: 5. What is lidocaine (type of macromolecule) Lidocaine (2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide) is a topical anesthetic used for dental surgeries or other minor surgeries. 6. List three (3) common use of lidocaine. Topical anesthetic. Antiarrythmic medication Relieves itching and burning due to skin inflammation. 7. Lidocaine blocks fast voltage gated sodium (Na+) channels in the cell membrane of nerve fibers. How this explains the analgesic effect of lidocaine? 8. Provide the generic name and brand name of 3 other local anesthetics. Generic Name:Bupivacaine Brand Name:Marcaine Generic Name: Trimecaine Brand Name:Mesdicain Generic Name: Benzocaine Brand Name: Auralgan 9. What is the relationship between size of a nerve and conduction velocity? The larger the size of the nerve it creates a lesser amount of resistance that the ions need to travel the lesser amount of resistance will increase the conduction velocity. 10. What is myelin and how does myelination affect nerve conduction velocity? Explain. Myelin is a mix of proteins and phosopholipids which creates a sheath around nerve fibers which will then increase the speed of conduction. The larger the myelination the larger the gap of the channels is, the farther the signal can jump at a more rapid speed. How to write this report. 1. You may type your answers. Please has a double space from the end of one question and the beginning of the next question. 2. If you handwrite this report first hit return to open space between the questions, print the page and then write your answer. The statement of the questions should be included in the report. 3. Leave the Question statement in BOLD but your answer as plain. 4. Unstapled report = -3 points 5. Give a clean report How to cite Physio Ex 9.0 Ex3, Papers

Sunday, April 26, 2020

The Rural Landless Workers Movement Of Brazil free essay sample

Essay, Research Paper The Rural Landless Workers Movement of Brazil: New Direction in a Time of Crisis The MST, or the Movimento Department of State Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra ( the Rural Landless Workers Movement ) is the largest societal motion in South America, with about 5000,000 protagonists ( Epstein 2 ) . Under the motto of # 8220 ; Ocupar, Resistir, Produzir # 8221 ; ( # 8221 ; Occupy, Resist, Produce # 8221 ; ) , the MST uses non-violent civil noncompliance to coerce the authorities to rush up agricultural reform and shut the spread between the rich and the hapless. The end of the MST is to supply land to the 1000000s of landless provincials who can cultivate and exist on what appears to be a extremely disproportional sum of unproductive and under utilised land. The current economic crisis in Brazil could interpret to more support for the MST motion and signal a alteration in the per centum of land usage and landless workers as they presently stand. The tradition of Brazil # 8217 ; s unequal distribution of land day of the months back to early colonial times. We will write a custom essay sample on The Rural Landless Workers Movement Of Brazil or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Between 1534 and 1536, the male monarch of Portugal set up a system of land distribution through which he divided the district of Brazil into 12 captainships drawn from the coastline of Brazil to the line established by the Treaty of Tordesillas that separated Spanish from Lusitanian land claims. The captainships were given to those who were in favour of the Crown and who agreed to direct back one sixth of any accumulated gross to the Crown. This was in response to a perceived demand to busy the district to forestall Gallic and Dutch from busying the land and claiming it for their states. This was the beginning of the tradition of individual proprietors possessing big piece of lands of land, sometimes every bit big as little European states, and this tradition continues in modern Brazil. The MST carries out its non-violent protest in a unique and, reasonably frequently, successful mode. It # 8217 ; s modus operandi is to form land invasions by busying up to 2000 people at a clip on idle authorities or private lands that are frequently being held by affluent land proprietors as revenue enhancement shelters or every bit ways to earn authorities subsidies. Basically, the land is fresh, unproductive and, in the eyes of the MST, should non be tied up in the custodies of the oligarchy. Once the homesteaders set up a cantonment on the border of the land in an acampamento ( campsite ) , the MST requests the authorities to get down the procedure of administering land to the homesteaders. The handing over of land to the homesteaders involves the authorities # 8217 ; s duty to counterbalance the landholder for the loss of the land. In the 14 old ages since the MST began, it has settled 200,000 households on 17 million estates of forcibly taken land, a figure unprecedented in Brazilian history ( Epstein 13 ) . Presently, there are about 50,000 households camped outside of idle plantations and piece of lands of unproductive land expecting land grants ( Epstein 3 ) . During land business homesteaders begin to works and turn harvests on which they subsist, to # 8220 ; produce, # 8221 ; to demo the authorities that they are utilizing the one time idle land fruitfully. Ideally, at this phase, there is small opposition from the landholder and much cooperation and efficiency on the portion of the authorities, and the homesteaders might by and large have 60 estates of land per household if there is small resistance by the original landholder. Frequently, nevertheless, the landholder tries to forcefully take the homesteaders from the land utilizing hired, armed gunslingers, or sometimes constabularies, to blush the homesteaders out. If they are forced off they frequently return to # 8220 ; resist # 8221 ; once more. This procedure of opposition frequently turns bloody, with the homesteaders on occasion holding return to the same land once more and once more and support themselves against armed gunslingers controlled by the landholder or sometimes, i t has been speculated, by the authorities itself. Despite the non-violent attempts of the homesteaders, over 1000 homesteaders have died during land invasions and the subsequent battle between the wealthy and powerful and the hapless and organized ( Amnesty International 1 ) . The MST non merely strives for land and agricultural reform, but they besides call for a # 8220 ; society more just. # 8221 ; Under the protections of this sentiment, the MST has established 8,5000 stopgap schools across Brazil that Teach and are supported by the households of the landless ( Epstein 14 ) . Almost 1,500 instructors use MST educational stuffs to learn at least 40,000 pupils how to read, compose and prosecute in political argument ( Maxwell 50 ) . In add-on to learning basic instruction, they besides reinforce the MST political rhetoric in order to maintain the motion strong ( Epstein, 2 ) . In this manner, the MST and its protagonists are doing a progressive and self-sufficing part to the furthering of their cause. In a state where the literacy rate is high and the educational system severely neglected, particularly in visible radiation of the recent economic sufferings, the self-cultivation of the MST # 8217 ; s offspring could turn out to be a powerful factor in t heir success. Today in Brazil less than 3 per centum of the population owns about two tierces of the land, out of about 917 million estates of land that could potentially back up agribusiness, about 45 million are unproductive. As a consequence there are four million landless households in Brazil ( Amnesty International 1 ) . Since the MST was founded in the mid-1980s, it has posed a menace to the Brazilian elite and to rural land proprietors who hold big sums of unproductive land. In visible radiation of the recent economic crisis in Brazil, the MST stands to derive land, both figuratively and literally. Brazil’s credence in 1998 of bail-out financess from the IMF means rigorous asceticism steps must be enforced by the authorities. Fernando Henrique Cardoso, president of the state in his 2nd term in office, won re-election in the autumn of 1998 as the Asian and Russian economic calamities sent tidal moving ridges of terror into Brazil’s markets, efficaciously crashing investor assurance and triping a immense haste to draw foreign investing out of Brazil. The Brazilian people had assurance that Cardoso could efficaciously chasten the crisis, as his claim to fame and the plume in the chapeau of his presidential term was his design of the Plano Real ( the Real Plan ) as Finance Minister under his predecessor president Itamar Franco. With the Real Plan Cardoso tamed rising prices that sometimes soared at 5000 per centum and created a new currency, the Real, which was pegged into a tightly controlled bracket against the US dollar. Riding the moving ridge of popularity created by a new found purchasing power for Brazil’s hapless and efficaciously widening the in-between category, Cardoso seemed to be in control of this powerful country’s long perceived magnificence. This aura of control won the 1998 election for Cardoso, even though his most baleful opposition, Lula Inacio district attorney Silva of the Worker’s Party ( PT ) garnered 32 per centum of the ballot and was widely seen as a also-ran because he spoke ill of the Real Plan. As 1998 came to shut it became clear that Cardoso was less in control of the state and the Real was non every bit strong as his election consequences might hold drawn it. The stopping point of 1998 and the first two months of 1999 showed every mark of pending catastrophe for the Brazilian economic system. Foreign investing, at times, left the state at the rate of 3 billion dollars a twenty-four hours and the Real, allowed to drift freely against the dollar as dollar militias became progressively low, lost every bit much as 40 per centum of its value against the dollar. Nightlong Brazilians had lost half of their purchasing power and the state began to experience the euphory of the old four old ages begin to have on off. Cardoso had crafted a stableness program with the IMF in October of 1998, efficaciously procuring a recognition line of 45 billion dollars for the state. However, the natation of the currency in January and the subsequent dip in the value of the Real meant all debt had to be restructured and a new understanding made with the IMF. The budget marks made with the IMF were the good intelligence, the bad intelligence were the steps the president would take and implement upon the state to make the ends set by the IMF. The asceticism measures translate to brushing cuts in everything from instruction to wellness attention, but the hardest hit and deepest cut was to agricultural reform and subsidies at about 50 per centum ( Maxwell 50 ) . This has efficaciously cut any authorities support for agricultural reform and left the MST without governmental support, which, although by and large missing, was however better than no aid at all. The addition in involvement rates has left Brazilians without the power to do big purchases of points like autos and rinsing machines take downing the demand for these points and efficaciously take downing production and making layoffs. Some economic experts say 1000000s could lose their occupations and their places ( Epstein 2 ) . The new coevals of hapless being created by the sweeping cuts and astronomical involvement rates, coupled with turning political uncertainness, could animate battalions to fall in the already big Numberss of the MST and force, by a big popular ballot, land reform and a new epoch in land distribution and increased productiveness and ego sufficiency, assisting to excite growing and finally wrest power from the oligarchy back into the custodies of the workers people. In a state where about half of the population survives on less than $ 2 a twenty-four hours, and the wealthiest 10 per centum take about half the state # 8217 ; s income, a force every bit strong as the MST stands to derive on the heels of an economic catastrophe ( Epstein 2 ) . It is dry that the Real Plan that carried Cardoso into the presidential term and subsequent re-election could now be the greatest menace to his popularity, and so, to the state as a whole. The MST has an chance through crisis to increase its Numberss, beef up its voice and demo the manner of the workers as the manner of the state. As Cardoso has come from a Marxist background with full support of the Brazilian Communist party in his early yearss, he has come full circle to his center-right place of today, so the MST can carry those in despair in the centre and elsewhere to mount out of the pockets of Bankss, concern and foreign involvement to make a new Brazil in the custodies of the Brazilian worker. Amnesty International. Report # 8211 ; August 1997 Brazil Politically Motivated Condemnable Charges Against Land Reform Activists, AMR 19/17/97. Epstein, Jack. Brazil On the Brink. Scholastic Update. 2/8/99, 131, p 3. Maxwell, Kenneth. The Two Brazils. The Wilson Quarterly. 12/19/99, 23, p 50. Zalaquette, Jose. From Dictatorship to Democracy. The New Republic. 12/16/85, v193, p 17. Zimbler, Brian. Brazil # 8217 ; s Morning After. The New Leader. 9/9/85, v68, p 9.

Wednesday, March 18, 2020

Abraham Lincoln and the Gettysburg Address

Abraham Lincoln and the Gettysburg Address Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address is one of the most quoted speeches in American history. The  text is brief, just three paragraphs amounting to less than 300 words. It only took Lincoln a few minutes to read it, but his words resonate to the present day. It’s unclear how much time Lincoln spent writing the speech, but analysis by scholars over the years indicates  that Lincoln used extreme care. It was a heartfelt and precise message he very much wanted to deliver at a moment of national crisis. The dedication of a cemetery at the site of the Civil Wars most pivotal battle was a solemn event. And when Lincoln was invited to speak, he recognized that the moment required him to make a major statement. Lincoln Intended a Major Statement The Battle of Gettysburg had taken place in rural Pennsylvania for the first three days of July in 1863. Thousands of men, both Union and Confederate, had been killed. The magnitude of the battle stunned the nation. As the summer of 1863 turned into fall, the Civil War entered a fairly slow period with no major battles being fought. Lincoln, very concerned that the nation was growing weary of a long and very costly war, was thinking of making a public statement affirming the country’s need to continue fighting. Immediately following the Union victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg in July, Lincoln had said the occasion called for a speech but he was not yet prepared to give one equal to the occasion. And even before the Battle of Gettysburg, famed newspaper editor, Horace Greeley had written to Lincoln’s secretary John Nicolay in late June 1863 to urge Lincoln to write a letter on the â€Å"causes of the war and the necessary conditions of peace.† Lincoln Accepted an Invitation to Speak at Gettysburg At that time, presidents did not often have the opportunity to give speeches. But the opportunity for Lincoln to express his thoughts on the war appeared in November. Thousands of Union dead at Gettysburg had been hastily buried after the battle months earlier and were finally being properly reburied. A ceremony was to be held to dedicate the new cemetery and Lincoln was invited to offer remarks. The main speaker at the ceremony was to be Edward Everett, a distinguished New Englander who had been a U.S. Senator, Secretary of State, and president of Harvard College as well as a professor of Greek. Everett, who was famed for his orations, would talk at length about the great battle the previous summer. Lincoln’s remarks were always intended to be far briefer. His role would be to provide a proper and elegant closing to the ceremony. How the Speech Was Written Lincoln approached the task of writing the speech seriously. But unlike his speech at Cooper Union nearly four years earlier, he did not need to undertake extensive research. His thoughts about how the war was being fought for a just cause had already been set firmly in his mind. A persistent myth is that Lincoln wrote the speech on the back of an envelope while riding the train to Gettysburg, as he didn’t think the speech was anything serious. The opposite is true. A draft of the speech had been written by Lincoln in the White House. And it’s known that he also refined the speech the night before he delivered it, at the house where he spent the night in Gettysburg. Lincoln put considerable care into what he was about to say. November 19, 1863, the Day of the Gettysburg Address Another common myth about the ceremony at Gettysburg is that Lincoln was only invited as an afterthought and that the brief address he gave was nearly overlooked at the time. In fact, Lincoln’s involvement was always considered a vital part of the program, and the letter inviting him to participate makes that evident. The official invitation explained to Lincoln that the idea was always to have a featured orator and that it would be meaningful for the chief executive to then offer remarks. David Willis, a local attorney who was organizing the event, wrote: It is the desire that, after the Oration, you, as Chief Executive of the Nation, formally set apart these grounds to their Sacred use by a few appropriate remarks. It will be a source of great gratification to the many widows and orphans that have been made almost friendless by the Great Battle here, to have you here personally; and it will kindle anew in the breasts of the Comrades of these brave dead, who are now in the tented field or nobly meeting the foe in the front, a confidence that they who sleep in death on the Battle Field are not forgotten by those highest in Authority; and they will feel that, should their fate be the same, their remains will not be uncared for. The program that day began with a procession from the town of Gettysburg to the site of the new cemetery. Abraham Lincoln, in a new black suit, white gloves, and stovepipe hat, rode a horse in the procession, which also contained four military bands and other dignitaries on horseback. During the ceremony, Edward Everett spoke for two hours, delivering a detailed account of the great battle which had been fought on the ground four months earlier. Crowds at that time expected long orations, and Everett’s was well received. As Lincoln rose to give his address, the crowd listened intently. Some accounts describe the crowd applauding at points in the speech, so it seems that it was well-received. The brevity of the speech may have surprised some, but it seems that those who heard the speech realized they had witnessed something important. Newspapers carried accounts of the speech and it began to be praised throughout the north. Edward Everett arranged for his oration and Lincoln’s speech to be published in early 1864 as a book (which also included other material related to the ceremony on November 19, 1863). What Was the Purpose of the Gettysburg Address? In the famous opening words, Four score and seven years ago, Lincoln does not refer to the United States Constitution, but to the Declaration of Independence. That is important, as Lincoln was invoking Jeffersons phrase that all men are created equal as being central to the American government. In Lincolns view, the Constitution was an imperfect and always evolving document. And it had, in its original form, established the legality of slavery. By invoking the earlier document, the Declaration of Independence, Lincoln was able to make his argument about equality, and the purpose of the war being a new birth of freedom. Legacy of the Gettysburg Address The text of the Gettysburg address was widely circulated following the event at Gettysburg, and with Lincolns assassination less than a year and a half later, Lincolns words began to assume iconic status. It has never fallen out of favor and has been reprinted countless times. When President-elect Barack Obama spoke on election night, November 4, 2008, he quoted from the Gettysburg Address. And a phrase from the speech, A New Birth of Freedom, was adopted as the theme of his inaugural celebrations in January 2009. Of the People, By the People, and For the People Lincolns lines at the conclusion, that government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the Earth has been extensively quoted and cited as the essence of the American system of government. Sources Everett, Edward. Address of Hon. Edward Everett, at the Consecration of the National Cemetery at Gettysburg, 19Th November, 1863: With the Dedicatory Speech of ... by an Account of the Origin of the Under. Abraham Lincoln, Paperback, Ulan Press, August 31, 2012. Santoro, Nicholas J. Malvern Hill, Run Up To Gettysburg: The Tragic Struggle. Paperback, iUniverse, July 23, 2014. Willis, David. Gettysburg Address: The Formal Invitation. Library of Congress, November 2, 1863.

Monday, March 2, 2020

10 Basic Chemistry Facts You Should Know

10 Basic Chemistry Facts You Should Know There are certain facts that every chemistry buff should know - how many of these fun and interesting facts do you already have stored in your brain? Test Your Knowledge With These 10 Chemistry Facts Chemistry is the study of matter and energy and the interactions between them. It is a physical science that is closely related to physics, which often shares the same definition.Chemistry traces its roots back to the ancient study of alchemy. Chemistry and alchemy are separate now, though alchemy still is practiced today.All matter is made up of the chemical elements, which are distinguished from each other by the numbers of protons they possess.The chemical elements are organized in order of increasing atomic number into the periodic table. The first element in the periodic table is hydrogen.Each element in the periodic table has a one or two-letter symbol. The only letter in the English alphabet not used on the periodic table is J. The letter q only appears in the symbol for the placeholder name for element 114, ununquadium, which has the symbol Uuq. When element 114 is officially discovered, it will be given a new name.At room temperature, there are only two liquid elements. Thes e are bromine and mercury. The IUPAC name for water, H2O, is dihydrogen monoxide.Most elements are metals and most metals are silver-colored or gray. The only non-silver metals are gold and copper.The discoverer of an element may give it a name. There are elements named for people (Mendelevium, Einsteinium), places (Californium, Americium) and other things.Although you may consider gold to be rare, there is enough gold in the Earths crust to cover the land surface of the planet knee-deep.

Saturday, February 15, 2020

Fashion and Muslim Traditional Dress Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Fashion and Muslim Traditional Dress - Essay Example The essay "Fashion and Muslim Traditional Dress" discovers the fashion in the context of Muslim Traditions. Muslim women are trying to be saved by both external and internal cultures. Western society seeks to liberate Muslim women from the shackles of oppression and bring them into a world where they have opportunities, but would be vulnerable without the protections offered in Muslim culture. Muslim cultures are attempting to shield women from Western values that objectify the body and strip from them their protections that define their status in Muslim society. Clothing is an integral part of how women are defined by both societies. Western societies see ‘the veil’ as a symbol of oppression while a Muslim woman who is inappropriately dressed loses respect and status within her community. The following paper will examine the position of Muslim female dress in modern contexts. The development of fashion that is acceptable outside of the Muslim community comes into confli ct with the purpose of dress within that community. Through innovative and creative design, fashion for Muslim women is becoming modernized while retaining its modest purpose. In defining female dress for modern contexts, the nature of fashion and Muslim tradition comes together to place women of Muslim into relationship with modern ideals while retaining elements of tradition that are important for Muslim identity. While female Muslim dress has a specific purpose as a representation of faith and adherence to tradition and law.

Sunday, February 2, 2020

Managing for the future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing for the future - Essay Example This fact can be analyzed by looking at the magazines who printed its success. "FT Global 500" by Financial Times, "The World's 2000 Biggest Public Companies" by Forbes magazine and by the Dow Jones Sustainability Indexes (Developing Telecoms | China Mobile | Sponsors Directory, 2012). According to its official website, Limited China Mobile Limited(2012), it has more than 34 subsidiaries like China Mobile Communication Company Limited (â€Å"CMC") , ZONG, China Mobile Group Guangdong Company Limited ("Guangdong Mobile"), Jiangsu Mobile and Hong Kong Mobile etc. The board of directors of China Mobile Ltd consists of Executive Directors and Independent Non-Executive Directors. The executive directors are seven in number whereas the Independent Non-Executive Directors are three in number (China Mobile Limited - About China Mobile > Board of Directors, 2012). 1.1 Milestones from 2006-2012 2006 marks some of the most important changes which came in the company. China Mobile Limited was f ormerly named as China Mobile (Hong Kong) Limited. The change in the company’s name came in the year 2006. This year also marks the privatization of China Resources Peoples Telephone Company Ltd. The privatization benefitted the company allot and gave a boost to its annual profits. In 2006, News Corp. and STAR Group Ltd. formed wireless media tactical association with China Mobile Ltd (China Mobile Limited - About China Mobile > Milestones, 2012). According to the company’s official website the year 2009 marks a share subscription agreement with the company Far EasTone. This increased the annual company profit (China Mobile Limited - About China Mobile > Milestones, 2012). Guangdong Mobile and SPD bank signed a share subscription agreement in the year 2010. This agreement increased the interest of both the subsidiaries of the company. It further strengthened the company’s e-commerce and mobile finance businesses (China Mobile Limited - About China Mobile > Miles tones, 2012). 2012 marks a lot of success news for the company. The company got a lot of awards for its performance and expansion. "Grand Award Winners -- Investor Relations" and three "iNova Awards 2012" serve as the most honorable achievements of the company. Moreover, the company is nominated for the Top favorite China Corporate Brand voted by China Consumer" and it was included in the Financial Times magazine again. It is the company which keeps it head high by coming up for the Millward Brown and Financial Times' "BRANDZâ„ ¢ Top 100" list for the seventh year uninterruptedly (China Mobile Limited - Media Centre > News Highlights, 2012). 1.2 What about the future? From the year 2006-2012, the company has been the most successful company in the wireless mobile services business. It has seen many success stories and good times. It is important for the company to maintain its reputation and image for the future as well. Be it Apple Inc. or Samsung, all the companies have been at the top because they keep on inventing new things for the future. They try to plan for the future and implement the strategies accordingly. China Mobile Limited has a lot of competition in the age of wireless technology. To remain the best it has to innovate and plan for its future. A company’s success lies in the people who work for it. The company’s biggest assets are people (Zolezzi, 2004. pp.41). 1.3 Management, Marketing and Understanding the Key Stakeholders Marketing is a tool to sell the product or service. It

Saturday, January 25, 2020

Free College Essays - Characters of The Parable :: Parable Essays

Characters of The Parable In The Parable several characters are presented to the reader.   Each one has their own   behavioral characteristics which one may or my not approve of.   The two characters whose behaviors I most approve of are Lee Pai and Hernando.   The characters whose behaviors I do not approve of are Sven and John.   There are several reasons why I approve of the behaviors of Lee Pai and Hernando and do not approve of   the behaviors of Sven and John.   All of   these reasons I have based on my interpretation of the story, The Parable.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Parable is a story about Rosemary, a young woman   who is betrothed to a man named Hernando.   Rosemary is supposed to meet Hernando for there up coming wedding but she is faced with a dilemma.   In order for her to get to her wedding she has to cross a very deep and wide river that is full of crocodiles.   Rosemary is clueless on how she is to get across   this river, so she decides to turn to people, she knows, for help.   The first person she turns to is Sven for he owns a boat.   Sven listens to Rosemary's   problem and tells her he will take her across the river if   she spends the night with him.   Rosemary, surprised and shocked at hearing such an offer, declines and turns to another acquaintance, Lee Pai, for help.   Lee Pai tells Rosemary he is sorry but he can't help her.   Not knowing what else she can do, Rosemary goes back to Sven for help.   She spends the night with him and the next day he takes her across the river.   Rosemary and Hernando are then together at last.   The evening before their wedding, Rosemary feels the need to tell   Hernando what she had to do to get across the river.   When she tells Hernando, he is very hurt and upset.   He calls the wedding off and "banishes Rosemary as a soiled woman" (The Parable).   Rosemary is very distraught over this and turns to John (an acquaintance) for a little comfort.   After hearing her story John says to Rosemary that even though he does not love her, he will marry her.   With this, the story comes to an end.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are   two characters in the story, The Parable, that   I approve of .   These two characters are Lee Pai and Hernando.

Thursday, January 16, 2020

Book Review: Black Feminist Thought (Patricia Hill Collins)

Alexandra Bobet HIST 3119 Spring 2013 Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment (review) Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. Ed. By Patricia Hill Collins. (New York: Routledge, 2000. ii, 336 pp. Cloth, $128. 28, ISBN 0-415-92483-9. Paper, $26. 21, 0-415-92484-7. ) Patricia Hill Collins’s work, Black Feminist Thought seeks to center Black Women into intersectionalist thought, addressing the power struggles that face them not only due to their race but also to the gender.Masculine rhetoric and powerful male leaders such as Huey P. Newton and Eldridge Cleaver have overshadowed Black Women’s stories, both in and out of the Civil Right Rights/Black Power Era. It is an analysis that defines Black Feminist Thought, instead of recycling former White Feminist philosophies and providing interpretations of them. However, she does integrate consciousness raising into the body of work, drawing in from her personal experiences while analyzing the texts of women such as Alice Walker and bell hooks.The second edition of Black Feminist Thought differs from the first in both the complexity and the depth of oppression and empowerment, spanning into a transnational level. Collins breaks down her novel into three parts. Part I: The Social Construction of Feminist Thought, Part II: Core Themes in Black Feminist Thought, and Part III: Black Feminism, Knowledge, and Power. Bobet 2 Part I: The Social Construction of Feminist Thought covers the history of oppression of black women from various sectors.White feminism has failed women which use of essentialist philosophy, which Collins uses in the relationship between Rebecca Felton and Ida B Wells, the former praised by White feminists even though she was an advocate of lynching. Collins touches upon Black leadership and how it has addressed gender, in particular the case of Elaine Brown and the Black Panther Party of Oakland. Among Afric an-American female scholars there has been a concern in the masculinist bias of Black political and social thought.With these mediums of oppression, her first theory, referred to as the Matrix of Domination is brought up. Previous models of oppression were considered additive, or hierarchal, meaning that they must be ranked. Collins uses the experiences of black women to explain that all these modes of oppression, gender, race and class are interlocking and equally important when viewing domination. This bleeds mores into Part II, but the essentials are discussed in this section. While there is validity in this matrix, Collins’s approach is from a group level, and it does not cover how the individual may use the matrix.While it is true that all these modes of oppression are at play, it would be more beneficial for the individual to place a value on these modes. For one individual, race may be more of a factor than gender, for another individual it may differ, and so on. Anoth er critique of the matrix of oppression is how it does not address, sexual orientation, ableism, and ethnicity, among others. Part II: Core Themes in Black Feminist Thought tackles five themes: 1) a legacy of struggle, 2) treatment of the interlocking nature of race, class, and gender, 3) Bobet 3 eplacement of stereotyped images of black womanhood with those that are self defined, 4) black women’s activism, and 5) sensitivity to black sexual politics. The first three themes correlate to black motherhood and living in a binary environment, one in which black people are the oppressed and white people are the oppressors. Images of black womanhood have been terribly distorted to show stereotypes such as the unwed teenage mother and the welfare mother.Black women’s activism, one of the last core themes of the text, has been more of a desire for group survival and cohesion than any political motives, as seen with the story of Sara Brooks and her job as a domestic worker. Her job speaks larger volumes to political activism and the nature of oppression than many political texts, according to Collins. This outlook parallels many of bell hooks’s essays, especially â€Å"Theory As A Liberatory Practice. † This essay addresses the powers of the Sara Brookses of the world and how their actions complement the discourse that is being forged.Part III: Black Feminism, Knowledge, and Power comprises of the edits not found in the first edition. Drawing from experiences from Senegalese, American, and British Black feminists, the matrix of race, gender, and class oppressions are still relevant to all nations, despite diversity. Angela Davis is frequently cited as a champion of this transnational empowerment She encourages Black Women of privilege to not â€Å"ignore the straits of our sisters who are acquainted with the immediacy of oppression in a way many of us are not,† fueling Collins’s core theme of a type of feminism rooted in sister hood and familial ties.Analysis of oppression from a nationalistic point of view is represented, drawing further from her original gender/race/class matrix. Bobet 4 To conclude, Black Feminist Thought is thorough and crucial text because of how vigilantly it attempts (and successfully so) to not be another spin on White feminism. Using the methodological approach of historical materialism, it addresses the concerns that Black women have on the heels of the Civil Rights and Black Power movements.Concerns with the narrative are that while it does explain the roots of consciousness raising and feminist thought in Black Power movements, the overwhelming amount of text is based on the interpretations of writers such as Alice Walker, bell hooks, and Audre Lorde, much less on intellectuals. Collins touches upon the efforts of Elaine Brown, Angela Davis, and also provides a personal account of Francis Beale and her experience with racism in SNCC. Beale’s experiences with sexism, for example influenced her essay, â€Å"Black Women’s Manifesto; Double Jeopardy: To Be Black and A Woman. I found Collins’s assertion of what is a feminist to be inclusionary and not in any way rejecting masculinity, but more how the masculine rhetoric that has oppressed women should be rejected. Black feminist rhetoric created in backlash has centered on community awareness, and a sense of identity through a group. While Collins alludes to capitalism as also being a contributing factor in the oppression of Black women, there was not as much concrete evidence to support that as much as there was racism and sexism. Patricia Hill Collins forms a text that finally draws a map into the complexity of oppression and empowerment.

Wednesday, January 8, 2020

The Current Office Of President Of The United States

The Intended Presidency The current office of president of the United States of America is not exactly what the Founding Fathers intended. This paper addresses the intentions of what the founders of America wanted, as well as the authority and duties given to the presidency, which are clearly defined in The Federalist Papers, as well as the Constitution of the United States. The Federalist Papers were written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay. While writing under the pseudonym Publius, these three men attempted to convince and urge its readers, especially those in New York, to ratify the Constitution of the United States. The founders realized that the best way to promote liberty within America was to separate the political authority into three independent powers. These three powers of authority maintain a system of checks and balance and consist of the legislative, judicial and executive branches. The legislative branch makes the laws, the judicial branch interprets and applies the laws, and the executive branch enforces and carries out the laws. When it came to the powers of the executive, the people of America were reluctant and fearful because they had recently fought to rid themselves of monarchy. In Federalist No. 67, Hamilton attempts to ease their minds and he defends the office of president. He compares the office to being more like the governor of New York rather than the king of Great Britain. Hamilton also addresses the misconception overShow MoreRelatedVice President Of The United States1315 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Adams once stated, â€Å"I am vice president. In this I am nothing, but i may be everything.† From its conception, the Vice President of the United States was a position of little relevance. However, over the course of the nation’s history, the vice presidency evolved from a position of irrelevance to one of power. 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